There are four different kinds of intellectual property in the UK. I have read the UK governments Intellectual Property website and written a brief explanation of each of the 4 types of IP.
Copyright
Copyright is automatic, it does not need to be applied for and covers a wide range of creative and artistic medium. It is safe to assume that if you did not design some thing that it is probably copyright of some one else and without their direct permission, normally in writing, you would be violating their copyright. Copyright also protects against against rebroadcasting, for example publishing a book or photograph on the internet would be an infringement of the copyright owners copyright.
Copyright protects
- Literature
- Drama
- Music
- Art
- Layout
- Recording
- Broadcast
Copyright does not apply to an idea, only a physical and fixed work, and a work can have multiple copyright owners for example a CD can have different copyright owners for each track, the cover design may have a separate owner and the logo might be trademarked as well.
Design
There are three types of design protection. Registered Design, Design Right and Copyright
Registered Design protects the lines, contours, colours, shape, texture and materials of a product. The design registered must be new and individually recognizable by uninformed persons. The registration lasts 5 years and can be renewed every 5 years for 25 years giving you a monopoly to the look of that product.
Design Right is free and automatic, providing a cut down version of the Registered Design protection, it only covers the internal or external shape of your design and not the surface design. The surface can be protected by Copyright or Registered Design protection. The Design Right lasts between 10 and 15 years, for the first 5 years you can stop any one from copying the design however after that it is subject to a license of right. (UK ONLY)
Trademark
Trademark covers several different marks which allow a companies customers to identify you against a customer. Trademarks cover signs, symbols, logos, names, slogans, domain names, shapes, colours and sounds. It only applies to distinctive goods or services, and must not be similar to other Trademarks. and it must not be deceptive or illegal. A Trademark does not need to be registered but will have a higher standing in law if it was registered, the registration lasts 10 years and can be renewed indefinitely.
Patent
Unlike the IP we have looked at so far Patents are not for creative or artistic designs, they are used to protect inventions, how things work, what they do, how they do it, what they are made from, and how they are made. It must be new be capable of being made or used in industry and have an inventive step which is obvious to an uninformed person.
Patent does not cover the following…
- Scientific
- Mathematical
- Literary
- Dramatic
- Musical
- Artisitc
- Game
- Business methodology
- Presentation of information
- Animal
- Plant
- Medical treatment or diagnosis
- Illegal or immoral
Patents can be renewed every 5 years for up to 20 years.
Source: UK IPO